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eBay's Rhine Gold
Thousands of German startups are using the auction site to sell goods In the U.S., ground zero of modern capitalism, it is almost an article of faith: Europeans have grown risk-averse and lack entrepreneurial zeal. But don't tell that to the thousands of folks who use eBay Inc. to do an end run around decades of state-imposed regulations and old ways of thinking. One of them is German businessman Norbert Otto, who recalls the exact moment he realized selling ski gear over eBay had become far more than a hobby for him. When Otto printed out his checking account statement at a local bank's automated teller machine, the statement had so many pages that the branch manager scolded Otto for tying up the ATM for so long. Soon after, Otto opened a commercial account for Sport Otto, his online business, which last year sold $1.8 million worth of skates, skis, snowboards, and other sporting goods exclusively over eBay. Not bad for an operation that began three years ago as a way for Otto's son to earn extra cash. Today, Sport Otto has 25 part-time employees, a large truck to haul merchandise from Dutch ports, and operations that occupy much of Rabenkirchen, a hamlet of just 60 inhabitants two hours north of Hamburg. In this region close to Denmark, where old-timers speak a dialect incomprehensible to outsiders and unemployment is 12%, Sport Otto is one of the few local employers creating new jobs. "We're very thankful that this online platform exists," says Otto, 58, a sports instructor by profession who manages the business with his 20-year-old son, Jan. "In this region, it's the only chance we have." The Ottos' small-but-thriving operation provides a window into one of Europe's fastest growing entrepreneurial sectors: the eBay store. According to a survey by ACNielsen International Research, the Ottos are among 64,000 Germans who earn at least 25% of their income from eBay, selling all manner of collectibles, furniture, electronics, and more. Germans snatched up $6 billion in merchandise on eBay in 2004, the most recent year for which such data are available. Germany's eBay market is second only to the U.S. A decade of slow growth and stagnant wages has turned Europe's largest economy into a nation of bargain hunters, with 20 million registered eBay users. That's close to 25% of the population, a greater share than in any other country in which eBay operates. With eBay gaining momentum, its success in Germany could portend a similar boom in France, Italy, and elsewhere in Europe. In red tape-bound Germany, starting an eBay business is a relative snap for anyone with broadband and inventory and shipping software, which is readily available for a few thousand dollars. And logistics companies such as German post office Deutsche Post offer services tailored to small e-commerce operations. Compare that with the difficulties of finding startup financing in a country where banks are reluctant to lend and relatively few people own houses that can serve as collateral. Even those who scrape together funds are constrained by myriad regulations. Shops, for instance, must close on Sundays and by 8 p.m. on weekdays. GIANT CUSTOMER Some
experienced businesspeople see eBay as a growth opportunity in an otherwise
slack economy. In 2003, Sven Asbφck and Frank Hoffmann, who had worked for a
mail-order company that went bankrupt, launched DTG Dynamic-Trade in Neumόnster,
an hour north of Hamburg. The business snatches up all sorts of surplus
merchandise, then sells the stuff on eBay. Sales have doubled every year, to $6
million in 2005, and the company employs 22 full-time workers. "We sell
everything you can imagine," says Asbφck. No kidding: Current offerings include
bedroom sets, toasters, and telescopic rifle sights. At first glance, the Ottos don't appear to run an especially
tight ship. Swim goggles, baseball bats, and mosquito nets are arranged
haphazardly on wooden shelves. Yet every item is bar-coded and scanned. From a
desk equipped with two flat screens and littered with wholesale sporting goods
catalogs, Jan knows when to redeploy snowboarding trousers from the barn to the
packing shed. As customers bid, software tallies the average price and profit on
each sale. |
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